Disparate bits sometimes float through our lives, something we read here, an encounter there, and occasionally they bind together in unexpected ways.
Nearly a month ago I was in Chicago for a short, roughly 25-hour, jaunt. I went to my appointment, had dinner with a friend I had missed during my previous visit to Chicago, and slept for 10 hours; none of these events offered up a defining moment. And yet there was one, a brief feeling of disquiet, of unmooring, that I initially dismissed, but which has proven to have more significant repercussions, reverberating both through my understanding of myself, but also of the world around me.
As I walked through O'Hare, roughly mid-day on a Friday, I felt distinctly lost. I was not lost in any physical sense; I knew exactly where I was going, exactly how to get there. There was nothing unfamiliar in the scenario, and yet it felt unfamiliar. I had been reading a novel on the plane, and I was deeply engaged with the story and the characters. I wondered if I was simply still in that liminal space between story and reality. I also wondered if I was simply tired. I was tired. I dismissed my thoughts, got my bearings, and moved on.
A couple of weeks ago, I stumbled across this abstract:
Among young adults, we show that refugees that enter the U.S. before age 14 graduate high school and enter college at the same rate as natives. Refugees that enter as older teenagers have lower attainment with much of the difference attributable to language barriers and because many in this group are not accompanied by a parent to the U.S. Among refugees that entered the U.S. at ages 18-45, we follow respondents’ outcomes over a 20-year period in a synthetic cohort. Refugees have much lower levels of education and poorer language skills than natives and outcomes are initially poor with low employment, high welfare use and low earnings. Outcomes improve considerably as refugees age. After 6 years in the country, these refugees work at higher rates than natives but they never attain the earning levels of U.S.-born respondents. Using the NBER TAXSIM program, we estimate that refugees pay $21,000 more in taxes than they receive in benefits over their first 20 years in the U.S. 1
The last two sentences are the ones that roil around in my brain. I can usually quote all kinds of statistics about how influx of immigrants into a community actually raises the standard of living and the job prospects of the native-born residents already in that community. It has also long been known that children under the age of 14 pick up language and social skills much more adeptly than older children and adults. But I am also aware that we are in a period of great unrest and that immigrants get more than their fair share of the attention, unfairly because the issues are really not about the immigrants, and they have not really done anything to warrant our attention or feelings of ill-will. The roots of the issues are different, but are deeply buried in places we aren't sure we want to go. Immigrants make good scapegoats.1
Despite this outburst, this is not really a political blog. Yet, in my mind at least, these two things are related. They are related through the novel I was reading at the time of my trip to Chicago, Mr and Mrs. Doctor, by Julie Iromuanya, a novel I have actually been rereading as thoughts swirled around in my brain. The simple story is that the novel is about Job and Ifi, a Nigerian couple who have come to live in the United States. It is a complicated story about leaving one's culture, trying to fit into another, and never quite succeeding. It is a story based on lies, the lies the characters tell each other and the lies they tell themselves, a fiction based on fiction. And yet it is also a story about the way we all dance around the truth in order to protect ourselves and others, and the ways change and hope come in the ways one might least expect.
It is not the easiest book. At the times the plot seems to be only partially assembled, much like Job and Ifi's plans in America. The primary characters are not particularly likeable by the standards of polite, educated, American Society, and the Americans they encounter are not, for the most part, the kind of Americans we are proud to call our own. And yet the characters are richly developed, and there is a sense that their story is told with love and empathy, an empathy that is fully available to the reader who is willing to push past initial discomforts and stereotypes.
Pulled into the story and the lives of the characters, I felt disoriented in O'Hare that day in early June. But the truth is that I am also perhaps more likely to feel that sense of disorientation, as this experience also made me realize how much I tend towards feelings of isolation in large crowds. There are those who are agitated in large crowds, those who thrive on them, and I am sure that I am not the only person who feels increasingly cut off and out of touch in very large groups. The larger the crowd, the more isolated I feel, and I am sure that this is some variation on my basic introversion. And yet this character trait also helped me feel in microcosm, the smallest sense of what it could feel like to live in a world that is in many ways the antithesis of everything you believe to be true and right, to walk through the world, knowing where you are going and doing what you think is right, only to have the world swirl on around you in incomprehensible ways.
And how does that second quote apply? It may be obvious. Job came to this country as a college student but he flunked out of college; his entire life is built around a lie, a lie that he cannot admit, even to himself. Job is man who is, in many ways, quite simple. There is much he doesn't understand, doesn't seek to understand, and he can be oblivious to that which seems obvious to the world around him. But do not think that makes him any less complexly human. His simplicity, his confusion, and his complexity are all apparent in the opening pages of the novel, but the depth of Jobs own self deception, and the extent to which he has closed himself in on himself does not become apparent until much later. I'm not sure that he ever becomes more likeable, but the reader does become more sympathetic toward him. Job works two jobs, two jobs that barely allow him enough money to live in a slum. He works harder than the other residents of his housing unit in many ways, hence the above quote and yet in many ways they are better off than he; certainly no worse off. He, and all the Nigerians in this story, work hard, work very hard, and tell themselves stories to make their lives easier. The book revolves around Job and Ifi, although Ifi may be the more interestingly complex character. The book is their story, but it is not their story alone.
We are a nation of immigrants. In fact we are all immigrants. We are born immigrants, brought into a world of which we have no understanding. Often the world we are born into is not the world we end up in, and whether or not we adept depends on how open we are to change, whether or not we can empathize with others, whether or not we can find that part which is human, and is common to us all. Books can help with understanding in a way that sometimes one-on-one contact cannot, in that books allow us to reach outside ourselves in a safe environment, thereby opening our minds to future encounters.
This is a book about the American Dream. Or perhaps it is about the myth of the American Dream; about the myths people tell themselves about progress, about class and race, about sexism. It is about the way the world we dream about doesn't really exist, and the way, even when we struggle to escape one set of biases, we bring them with us, and encounter new walls as well, walls that may be built on our own false expectations. But it is also a story of hope, and of the knowledge that the future can be a better one, only not perhaps in the way we imagined it in our dreams.
1. http://www.nber.org/papers/w23498#fromrss